Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!

 

 Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken. 

 

Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.   And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God.

 

- Luke 18:31-43 

 

On Saturday we read Jesus was casting out a demon and it was mute.  So it was, when the demon had gone out, that the mute spoke; and the multitudes marveled.  But some of them said, "He casts out demons by Beelzebub, the ruler of the demons.  Others, testing Him, sought from Him a sign from heaven.  But He, knowing their thoughts, said to them:  "Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation, and a house divided against a house falls.  If Satan is divided against himself, how will his kingdom stand?  Because you say I cast out demons by Beelzebub.  And if I cast out demons by Beelzebub, by whom do your sons cast them out?  Therefore they will be your judges.  But if I cast out demons with the finger of God, surely the kingdom of God has come upon you.  When a strong man, fully armed, guards his own palace, his goods are in peace.  But when a stronger than he comes upon him and overcomes him, he takes from him all his armor in which he trusted, and divides his spoils.  He who is not with Me is against Me, and he who does not gather with Me scatters."

 

  Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken.   Today the lectionary skips ahead from our last reading (Luke 11:14-23; see above) to chapter 18, as Jesus is on the road to Jerusalem and is now approaching Jericho.  This is the third warning in Luke's Gospel that Jesus has given to the disciples about what will happen to Him after they reach Jerusalem.  But this saying was hidden not by God, my study Bible says, but because the disciples could not comprehend its meaning until after the events of His Passion had taken place.  

 

 Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.   And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.   So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  This road going past Jericho on the way toward Jerusalem was a notorious stretch to travel, that made its way through a deep canyon to elevations below sea level.  Jericho was known as a place for sin, but this route was popularly marked by its treacherous dangers because of bandits and robbers who could hide in caverns and attack travelers.  It is this road which gave the setting for the parable of the Good Samaritan (see this reading).  The blind man greets Jesus with a title associated with the Messiah, Son of David.  

 

 So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God.  Note that Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  My study Bible comments that, although Jesus knows what we want before we ask, He calls us to ask freely so that we might learn of His mercy.  There is also in patristic commentary a spiritual interpretation to this miracle.  In St. Matthew's version of this story (Matthew 20:29-34), there are two blind men.  In that interpretation, they symbolize future generations who would come to faith only by hearing, without the benefit of seeing Christ in person (see John 20:29).  The ones who try to silence the blind man symbolize persecutors and tyrants who, in each generation, try to silence the Church.  But nonetheless, under persecution, the Church all the more confesses Jesus Christ. 

 

It's easy to see this notorious road (St. Jerome called it "the Bloody Way") as a place synonymous with sin and all of its dangers.  A place that sloped to 1,000 feet below sea level (while Jerusalem is 3,000 feet above), it was an extremely steep mountain road with blind turns, and rocky narrow passes -- so travelers were easy prey for bandits.  So we come to another analogy for a life steeped and mired in sin -- blindness.  The blind man is an easy symbol for those of us so used to a way of life, or a particular environment, that we only see things one way, and we have no idea of what a different life we could be living, or what aberrations pass for normal in what we know.  We can see what the environment is like for this blind man in the responses of the people who surround him.  In the spiritual interpretation cited by my study Bible, we see an understanding that the people who try to silence the blind man have been historically seen as stand-ins for tyrants and persecutors who try to silence the Church and her faithful.  But we can broaden this understanding to include a possible interpretation of an entire environment steeped in denial of faith, where people prefer that others remain blind and silent, and oppress to the extent that those who do wish to seek Christ find it very difficult to do so.  If we look at the blind man as an individual seeking to grasp any hope of making his way out of his blindness, we can see the image of social forces that would suppress these urges in those who would seek Christ and His Kingdom for themselves.  The pressure to shush and to be quiet in that perspective is a pressure to silence our internal demands for safe spiritual space, the save haven of the kingdom of God as Christ gives it to us through His gospel message.  The urge to reach out to Christ is met here by Jesus, who clearly always knows what we want and need, as He knows our hearts more deeply than we know them.  But in the story, His standing still on the road, commanding that this blind man be brought to Him, shows His own will to engage those who recognize they need Him.  His engagement is made clear in that He does not simply give to the man what he needs, but makes him ask, by first asking the man, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  This explicit question demanding an explicit answer is perhaps our best testimony as to how Christ wants to engage us:  direct, personal, and knowing what we want in our own hearts.  In some sense, it gives us the truth that what He offers is a precious gift, on offer to all the world, but not given to all without the depth of knowledge of how badly we need it, and how priceless it truly is.  As Jesus says Himself, "Many are called, but few are chosen" (Matthew 22:14).  The blindness in today's story also extends, significantly, to the disciples, who cannot "see" or discern the meaning in Christ's warnings of what is to come in Jerusalem.  Perhaps it is that they are so fixed on their own expectations of a material kingdom manifesting, that they simply cannot take in what He's warning them about; perhaps they are afraid to do so.   As is common with many of us hearing shocking or dread news, they can't take it in and comprehend what it means to them.  The people on the road who shush the blind man represent another kind of blindness, common to social crowds today, as it was in Christ's time when so many in the crowds get Christ completely wrong and fail to understand who He is (Luke 9:18-19).  Perhaps it is true, in some sense, that it is this blind man who is the one who can truly see, as it is he who not only reaches to Christ -- despite the oppressive efforts of the crowd to silence him -- but knows what he needs and who can give that to him.  "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!" is a cry for help, for what we need, made to the One who can give it to us, if we but understand His truth.  So it is that it finds its way to the prayer we reach to, the one that permeates our liturgies and worship, "Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me!"  It's worthy to say at any time, any moment, even in the midst of crowds that deny its importance.  If we know our own blindness, and have a sense that we need spiritual sight, we may call on Him despite the noisy crowds that would drown out our needs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

O woman, great is your faith! Let it be to you as you desire

 

 Then Jesus went out from there and departed too the region of Tyre and Sidon.  And behold, a woman of Canaan came from that region and cried out to Him, saying, "Have mercy on me, O Lord, Son of David!  My daughter is severely demon-possessed."  But He answered her not a word.  And His disciples came and urged Him, saying, "Send her away, for she cries out after us."  But He answered and said, "I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel."  Then she came and worshiped Him, saying, "Lord, help me!"  But He answered and said, "It is not good to take the children's bread and throw it to the little dogs."  And she said, "Yes, Lord, yet even the little dogs eat the crumbs which fall from their masters' table."  Then Jesus answered and said to her, "O woman, great is your faith!  Let it be to you as you desire."  And her daughter was healed from that very hour.

 

- Matthew 15:21–28 

 

Yesterday we read that the scribes and Pharisees who were from Jerusalem came to Jesus, saying, "Why do Your disciples transgress the tradition of the elders?  For they do not wash their hands when they eat bread."  He answered and said to them, "Why do you also transgress the commandment of God because of your tradition?  For God commanded, saying, 'Honor your father and your mother'; and, 'He who curses father or mother, let him be put to death.'  But you say, 'Whoever says to his father or mother, "Whatever profit you might have received from me is a gift to God" -- then he need not honor his father or mother.'  Thus you have made the commandment of God of no effect by your tradition.  Hypocrites!  Well did Isaiah prophesy about you, saying:  'These people draw near to Me with their mouth, and honor Me with their lips, but their heart is far from Me.  And in vain they worship Me, teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.'"  When He had called the multitude to Himself, He said to them, "Hear and understand:  Not what goes into the mouth defiles a man; but what comes out of the mouth, this defiles a man."  Then His disciples came and said to Him, "Do You know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this saying?"  But He answered and said, "Every plant which My heavenly Father has not planted will be uprooted.  Let them alone.  They are blind leaders of the blind.  And if the blind leads the blind, both will fall into a ditch."  Then Peter answered and said to Him, "Explain this parable to us."  So Jesus said, "Are you also still without understanding?  Do you not yet understand that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and is eliminated?  But those things which proceed out of the mouth come from the heart, and they defile a man.  For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies.  These are the things which defile a man, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile a man."

 

  Then Jesus went out from there and departed too the region of Tyre and Sidon.  And behold, a woman of Canaan came from that region and cried out to Him, saying, "Have mercy on me, O Lord, Son of David!  My daughter is severely demon-possessed."  But He answered her not a word.  After the confrontation with the scribes and Pharisees from Jerusalem (recorded in yesterday's reading, above), Jesus withdraws to this Gentile region of Tyre and Sidon.  This Canaanite woman is a Gentile, as we'll clearly read in Christ's responses a little further along.  My study Bible notes that some elements of today's reading make clear the Jewish orientation of St. Matthew's Gospel.  One of those indications is here, in the messianic title with which this woman addresses Christ, Son of David, a Jewish term for the Messiah.  Additionally, my study Bible comments on her character, as she displays immeasurable love:  she identifies so strongly with the sufferings of her daughter that she cries, "Have mercy on me."  She sees her daughter's well-being as her own and her daughter's sufferings as her own.  Jesus refuses to answer, my study Bible comments, for two reasons.  First, because she is a Gentile; His ministry before His Passion is first to the Jews.  Second, to reveal this woman's profound faith and love.  

And His disciples came and urged Him, saying, "Send her away, for she cries out after us."  But He answered and said, "I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel."  In patristic commentary, there are those who see the disciples' request to send her away as an attempt to persuade Jesus to heal her daughter.  My study Bible explains this perspective as meaning to say, "Give her what she wants so that she will leave."  Jesus' response indicates that this is correct, as He again refuses to heal her daughter.  Jesus' claim, "I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel" is yet another indication of the Jewish orientation of St. Matthew's Gospel, for neither this saying nor her title for Jesus, Son of David, are found in Mark's version of the story (Mark 7:24-30).  St. Mark's Gospel, however, records that Jesus wanted no one to know that He was there.

Then she came and worshiped Him, saying, "Lord, help me!"  But He answered and said, "It is not good to take the children's bread and throw it to the little dogs."  And she said, "Yes, Lord, yet even the little dogs eat the crumbs which fall from their masters' table."  Then Jesus answered and said to her, "O woman, great is your faith!  Let it be to you as you desire."  And her daughter was healed from that very hour.  My study Bible comments that, having evoked this woman's love and persistent faith, Christ now reveals her humility.  She accepts her place beneath the Jews, who were the chosen people of God, but she still wishes a share in God's grace.  Christ's hesitancy, therefore, was not a lack of compassion.  We should see it instead as a conscious means of revealing her virtues -- both for the disciples as well as for her sake.  Her ultimate acceptance by Christ points toward the gathering of the Gentiles into the Church after Pentecost, no longer as dogs but as children who are invited to eat the bread of eternal life.  

Today's story from St. Matthew's Gospel is one more instance in which Christ cannot be hidden, and which teaches us that, even as He seeks to withdraw, His compassion is called upon and He responds with His power to heal an ailing humanity.  It is in these ways similar to the feeding of the five thousand men (and more women and children) who followed Him to a deserted place when He sought to withdraw once again from conflict with the authorities (in that instance, the attention of Herod Antipas).  In the latter case, they had followed Him and had nothing to eat when evening came.  Regarding today's story, St. Mark's Gospel tells us that He didn't want it known that He was there, as He'd withdrawn to this Gentile region in response to the criticism and conflict with the scribes and Pharisees from Jerusalem (see yesterday's reading, above).  But He cannot be hidden, even from this Gentile Canaanite woman who pleads with Him for the sake of her daughter, who is severely demon-possessed.  This is the first hint we get of something going on here we might not otherwise notice:  she's asking for help dealing with an "enemy power."  That is, she wants help in defeating the demons who afflict her daughter.  In calling Jesus Son of David, she is addressing One whom she recognizes as a Deliverer, a Savior.  As my study Bible pointed out, He tells her that He was only sent to the "lost sheep of the house of Israel."  But she nonetheless keeps pleading with Him.  And her humility is quite on display, as Jesus speaks of the puppies begging under the table for the children's food (we can imagine this image of her pestering insistence), and she responds without refuting what He says, but in acceptance, and smartly telling Him that "even the little dogs eat the crumbs which fall from their masters' table."  For this persistence, acceptance, humility -- and what we can call her prayers to the Lord in pleading with Him -- she is rewarded as Jesus gives her high praise:  "O woman, great is your faith!"  We have to notice her quick wit, and consider that for all this she is made of the stuff that pleases Christ, as she won't let go of this great blessing of the Son of David in her midst.  What we find here is the creative power always on display in whatever circumstances where Christ is involved, and wherever He goes, even when He's trying to escape scrutiny.  Faith opens up pathways and new expression of God's power through Christ -- in this case, a surprising beginning at the hint of faith opening to the Gentiles.  It's important that, once again, we note Christ has one aim in mind in coming to this place, and something quite different unfolds as another opportunity for the power of God to manifest and be revealed.  For this is our Lord and the surprising reality of God that never stops opening for us, expressing creative power, finding a way through faith to give new expressions of God's activity in the world and through human beings, even those seemingly least likely.  Let us give thanks and praise. 

 

 

 

Receive your sight; your faith has made you well

 

 Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken.  

Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.  And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God.

 

- Luke 18:31–43 

 

On Saturday, we read that people brought infants to Jesus that He might touch them; but when the disciples saw it, they rebuked them.  But Jesus called them to Him and said, "Let the little children come to Me, and do not forbid them; for of such is the kingdom of God.  Assuredly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God as a little child will by no means enter it."  Now a certain ruler asked Him, saying, "Good Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?"  So Jesus said to him, "Why do you call Me good?  No one is good but One, that is, God.  You know the commandments:  'Do not commit adultery,' 'Do not murder,' 'Do not steal,' 'Do not bear false witness,' 'Honor your father and your mother.'"  And he said, "All these things I have kept from my youth."  So when Jesus heard these things, He said to him, "You still lack one thing.  Sell all that you have and distribute to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow Me."  But when he hard this, he became very sorrowful, for he was very rich.  And when Jesus saw that he became very sorrowful, He said, "How hard it is for those who have riches to enter the kingdom of God!  For it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God."  And those who heard it said, "Who then can be saved?"  But He said, "The things which are impossible with men are possible with God."  Then Peter said, "See, we have left all and followed You."  So He said to them, "Assuredly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or parents or brothers or wife or children, for the sake of the kingdom of God, who shall not receive many times more in this present time, and in the age to come eternal life."

 

  Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken.  This is the third time Jesus has taught the twelve about what will happen when they come to Jerusalem, about His Passion, death, and Resurrection.  My study Bible comments that the saying was hidden from them not by God, but because the disciples could not comprehend its meaning until the events of the Passion had taken place. 

Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.  And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God.  This blind man greets Jesus with a Messianic title, Son of David.   Let us note his persistence, like that of the widow in the parable Jesus has recently told to the disciples, in this reading.  My study Bible comments that even though Jesus knows what we want before we ask, He calls us to ask freely so that we might learn of His mercy.  Note also that the blind man, in contrast to the nine lepers in this reading, responded by glorifying God, and in return, the people who had previously told him to be quiet, gave praise to God.

Today's story of the blind man gives us a number of teachings to consider.  First of all, Jesus is coming near Jericho.  Jericho was associated with sin (see, for example, the parable of the Good Samaritan, set on this road from Jerusalem to Jericho).  So in this Scriptural sense, the blindness of this man could also be associated with sin.  Blindness gives us many associations.  In the Scriptures it is associated with a lack of light in the eye, and light is synonymous with God, and specifically with Christ (John 1:4-9).  In its association here with Jericho, sin is a kind of blindness to the word or will of God, a lack of spiritual "enlightenment" in this sense.  In Matthew 4:16, we're given a quotation from Isaiah:  "The people who sat in darkness have seen a great light, and upon those who sat in the region and shadow of death Light has dawned."  Here blindness, tied to Jericho, is symbolic of darkness.  But this blind man perhaps has an advantage over the others.  For he can actually see what others don't necessarily see.  His perception is with something other than his eyes, something other than appearances.  He knows Jesus is the "Son of David," the One who has come to save and to deliver.  Quite appropriately, in keeping with a knowledge perceptible spiritually, he says the prayer that would punctuate Christian worship more than any other, "Have mercy on me!'   From such a prayer, one would presume also a perception of Christ's compassion, the virtue that Jesus will exalt more than others.  See Christ's parable of Judgment, found at Matthew 25:31-46.  In these senses of his intuition of Christ. this blind man has a perception that others do not have.  Again, we go back to Jesus' teachings to find Christ's emphasis on the truth that is hidden from those who live for appearances.  Jesus' criticism is most greatly given to the religious leaders for their hypocrisy, a way of life for which He quoted from Isaiah yet again, "This people honors me with their lips, but their heart is far from me" (Matthew 15:7-9); for their hypocrisy, Jesus offers plenteous woe (Matthew 23).  In John's Gospel, we're told that even among the religious rulers, many believed in Christ, but would not speak of it for fear of being put out of the synagogue, "for they loved the praise of men more than the praise of God" (John 12:42-43).  This kind of social conformity for public praise is yet another form of living for appearances, something this blind man clearly does not do, as he will not stop his pleas to Christ, although the people tell him to be quiet.  Today's lectionary reading also includes St. Paul's Second Letter to the Corinthians, chapter 10, in which he asks them, "Do you look at things according to the outward appearance?"  Apparently, Paul did not make a great impression by appearance, as "his bodily presence is weak, and his speech contemptible."  In that same letter, he writes, "For though we walk in the flesh, we do not war according to the flesh.  For the weapons of our warfare are not carnal but mighty in God . . .."  Perhaps the blindness of this man begging outside of Jerusalem allowed him a perception of these weapons of warfare distinguished by gentleness, kindness, and mercy in the One who is "gentle and lowly in heart," who gives us "rest for your souls," and who taught that "My yoke is easy and My burden is light" (Matthew 11:28-30).  Perhaps there is an advantage for this particular blind man who begs by the road, for he is not taken in by his environment, and knows precisely how to approach Christ despite it. Let us endeavor also to such insight, and blindness to the standards that keep us in darkness.

 

 

Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!

 

 Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road. 

 

- Mark 10:46-52 

 

Yesterday we read that Jesus and the disciples were on the road, going up to Jerusalem, and Jesus was going before them; and they were amazed.  And as they followed they were afraid.  Then He took the twelve aside again and began to tell them the things that would happen to Him.  Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be betrayed to the chief priests and to the scribes; and they will condemn Him to death and deliver Him to the Gentiles; and they will mock Him, and scourge Him, and spit on Him, and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to Him, saying, "Teacher, want You to do for us whatever we ask."  And He said to them, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  They said to Him, "Grant us that we may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on Your left, in Your glory."  But Jesus said to them, "You do not know what you ask.  Are you able to drink the cup that I drink, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?"  They said to Him, "We are able."  So Jesus said to them, "You will indeed drink the cup that I drink, and with the baptism I am baptized with you will be baptized; but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it is prepared."  And when the ten heard it, they began to be greatly displeased with James and John.  But Jesus called them to Himself and said to them, "You know that those who are considered rulers over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them.  Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you shall be your servant.  And however of you desires to be first shall be slave of all.  For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many."

 

 Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road.  My study Bible comments that the restoration of sight to the blind was a sign expected to be performed by the Messiah (Isaiah 29:18; 35:4, 5), a power which God had reserved only for God (compare John 9:32).  Son of David, used by Bartimaeus to call Jesus, is a messianic title; it shows that the blind man had faith that Jesus was the Christ (the "Anointed," meaning Messiah).  There is also a spiritual interpretation of this miracle in patristic tradition.  Jericho, my study Bible explains, was a low-lying city which was associated with sin (see Luke 10:30; 19:1); here it symbolizes fallen humanity.  As Christ passes through Jericho, it is an image (or icon) of His Incarnation.  The Lord restoring sight to Bartimaeus is a parallel to His restoring humanity to glory -- to "enlighten" Bartimaeus' eyes is to illuminate humankind.   Having been made whole by Christ, human nature can now follow Christ on the road to the Kingdom, which is symbolized by the Lord's subsequent entrance into Jerusalem (in the verses that immediately follow today's reading, which begin chapter 11).  

How many ways are there for a person to be blind?  In Christ's world, it was commonly understood that a blind person's eyes were "darkened," unable to receive light.   So to have one's sight restored was to have one's eyes opened, allowing light to illuminate sight.  These are all expressions denoting common perceptions about blindness and sight.  But they all clearly have metaphorical meanings.  To be enlightened or illuminated is to understand something, to obtain knowledge, often used to mean spiritual wisdom.  As Christians, we couple this with our understanding, especially through the Gospel of John and other Scriptural references, that God is light (see John 1:4, 5; 1 John 1:5, among many other references).  Also in John's Gospel, Jesus says, "A little while longer the light is with you. Walk while you have the light, lest darkness overtake you; he who walks in darkness does not know where he is going" (John 12:35).  Here Jesus is referencing both Himself as the light and also light as synonymous with the good, and darkness as evil or the influence of the devil.  Darkness (or the absence of light) may also be seen as a metaphor both for ignorance and even heresy.  A heresy is most often a partial truth.  Like the weeds (or tares) that resemble the wheat in the parable of the Wheat and the Tares (Matthew 13:24-30), half-truths or partial truths can be more dangerous than outright lies for their ability to deceive.  So we should consider even partial darkness to be metaphorically a problem for human beings.  Each of these considerations reflects on what blindness is when we're speaking in spiritual terms:  blindness may mean being deceived by lies and half-truths, or by hypocrisy, another theme Jesus warns about constantly in the Gospels.  When He levels His criticism at the Pharisees and scribes, it is most often about their hypocrisy.  See especially Matthew 23:1-36, in which He calls them "hypocrites!" many times.  He says to them, "For you are like whitewashed tombs which indeed appear beautiful outwardly, but inside are full of dead men’s bones and all uncleanness. Even so you also outwardly appear righteous to men, but inside you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness" (Matthew 23:27-28).  This is a metaphor that builds on metaphors:  a whitewashed exterior that seems to reflect the fullness of light hides an interior which is full of darkness.  In that same passage from Matthew 23, further reflecting the theme of spiritual blindness, Jesus calls them "blind guides" and "fools and blind" who lead others into their spiritual darkness and ignorance, misleading with lies, hypocrisy, and heretical partial truths.  ("For you travel land and sea to win one proselyte, and when he is won, you make him twice as much a son of hell as yourselves" - Matthew 23:15).  Blind Bartimaeus is perhaps a symbol for a misled humanity:  blind through no fault of  one's own, but simply for having inherited and been born into a world of sin and darkness, of lies and partial truths, of those who mislead for their own gain, and with spiritual leaders who practice hypocrisy.  Jericho becomes a symbol for a world blighted by these effects, which blind us to the light of God, making it hard to find our way.  Into this world comes Christ with His brilliant light, so dazzling (see the Transfiguration reading) that those of us who are used to darkness may ourselves be blinded to it for a time, unable to take it in -- and yet, as my study Bible explains, it is His healing grace that allows us to become whole so that we may receive His light.  Bartimaeus' prayer is one that lasts through the ages and is still with us.   With the quality of faith and trust, the Lord's grace and mercy enable us to truly see and to become accustomed to His light,  so that we may dwell in it.  Let us welcome that light as we walk on the road with Him as does the healed Bartimaeus, toward Jerusalem, becoming more accustomed to His illumination -- so that we, also, may celebrate the Resurrection with Him, in His glory.

 

 

And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road

 

 Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road.

 

- Mark 10:46-52 

 

Yesterday we read that the disciples were on the road, going up to Jerusalem, and Jesus was going before them; and they were amazed.  And as they followed they were afraid.  Then He took the twelve aside again and began to tell them the things that would happen to Him:  "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be betrayed to the chief priests and to the scribes; and they will condemn Him to death and deliver Him to the Gentiles; and they will mock Him, and scourge Him, and spit on Him, and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to Him, saying, "Teacher, we want You to do for us whatever we ask."  And He said to them, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  They said to Him, "Grant us that we may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on Your left, in Your glory."  But Jesus said to them, "You do not know what you ask.  Are you able to drink the cup that I drink, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?"  They said to Him, "We are able."  So Jesus said to them, "You will indeed drink the cup that I drink, and with the baptism I am baptized with you will be baptized; but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it is prepared."   And when the ten heard it, they began to be greatly displeased with James and John.  But Jesus called them to Himself and said to them, "You know that those who are considered rulers over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them.  Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you shall be your servant.  And whoever of you desires to be first shall be slave of all.  For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many."

 

  Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road.  My study bible comments that restoration of sight to the blind was a sign that was expected to be performed by the Messiah (Isaiah 29:18, 25:4-5).  It was considered to be a power that God had reserved for God alone (compare to John 9:32).  Son of David is a messianic title, which shows that Bartimaeus had faith that Jesus was the Christ.  My study bible also says that there is a patristic interpretation with a spiritual orientation to this miracle.  Jericho was a low-lying city which was associated with sin (Luke 10:30, 19:1).  In the spiritual interpretation of this story, Jericho symbolizes fallen humanity.  That Christ passes through the city is an image of the Incarnation.  Christ restoring sight to Bartimaeus is a parallel to restoring humanity to glory, a kind of illumination.  Once the spiritually blind are made whole by Christ, human nature can can now follow Christ on the road to the Kingdom, which is symbolized by Jesus' subsequent entrance into Jerusalem (11:1-11).  

What is blindness, and how do we understand it?  Today we have scientific innovations that make correction of physical blindness (or degrees of blindness) something that no longer seems only possible to God.  But then again, at the time of Christ, to restore sight was a seeming impossibility, something unheard-of.  So the prophetic understanding that this would be a sign of the Messiah still stands within the context of the time of Jesus Christ.  But how shall we consider this story today?  Of course we understand Jericho as a place of peril, of sin and violence.  Jesus set the parable of the The Good Samaritan in Jericho for just such a reason; this road was a dangerous place to travel.  Even historically in the Scriptures, Jericho figured as a place of sin.  We also have to see, as my study bible pointed out, that Jesus must pass through Jericho to get to Jerusalem.  Just like for Joshua and the ancient Israelites, this city must somehow be conquered or passed through before Jesus can reach the holy city to establish His Kingdom.  So much depends upon how we think of that city and of Christ's Kingdom.  Jericho, the low-lying city, can even be thought of as akin to the time that Jesus will spend in Hades, the underworld, preaching the good news of the gospel to all who have passed, and linked to His time in the tomb prior to Resurrection.  In the earliest teaching documents of the Church, such as the Didache, and also prominent in Jewish tradition, is the understanding of the "two ways" of spiritual truth.  That is, the way of life and the way of death.  In a sense, the Incarnation of Christ is the story of the root of life itself (John 14:6), passing through the place of death, and by doing so, defeating death.  Bartimaeus as a blind man, symbolizes those without the light of Christ's truth and life, those who grasp in the dark for mercy for their afflicted condition.  But he is also the son of honor, for he is the "son of Timaeus" (as the name Bartimaeus means).  Timaeus has a Greek root, which means honor or worth, that virtue that is true substance and value.  Blind Bartimaeus knows that he is afflicted, but he cannot help himself.  He is also aware of the place from which his help will come, and shouts to Christ as the "son of David," the Messiah, the one who will restore the true Kingdom.  If we apply Bartimaeus' story to ourselves, we must see that he may mirror us in the sense that he knows he is diminished, afflicted, held back by something that is not his fault.  His sin or imperfection is all about what he can't see, and only Christ can restore that sight.  Jesus says, "Walk while you have the light, lest darkness overtake you; he who walks in darkness does not know where he is going" (John 12:35).  When we know that for some reason our lives aren't working, when we seem to be running into dead ends, there is one place we go for illumination, for light to show us the path we need, the way of life that leads out of the way of death, and that is to Christ.  Let us note that the text tells us that Bartimaeus threw aside his garment to run to Christ when he was called.  It is symbolic that the past had been exhausted for him, nothing that had been tried before could help, and he was ready to toss aside his past for the future offered by Christ's life and light (John 1:4).  To get past death, we need the One who destroyed death by passing through it in order to give us an abundance of life, Resurrection.  When our past no longer works for us, when everything we know does not prepare us for the present affliction, let us turn to the One for whom there is no such thing as "hopeless," the refuge for all.  He who turns no one away will hear our cries for mercy.  But like Bartimaeus, let us cast aside the garments of the past, and follow Him on the road where He leads to the holy Kingdom of God.

 

And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God

 

 Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken.

Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.  And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God.

 

- Luke 18:31–43 

 

Yesterday we read that people also brought infants to Jesus that He might touch them; but when the disciples saw it, they rebuked them.  But Jesus called them to Him and said, "Let the little children come to Me, and do not forbid them; for of such is the kingdom of God.  Assuredly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God as a little child will by no means enter it."  Now a certain ruler asked Him, saying, "Good Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?"  So Jesus said to him, "Why do you call Me good?  No one is good but One, that is, God.  You know the commandments:  'Do not commit adultery,' 'Do not murder,' 'Do not steal,' 'Do not bear false witness,' 'Honor your father and your mother.'"  And he said, "All these things I have kept from my youth."  So when Jesus heard these things, He said to him, "You still lack one thing.  Sell all that you have and distribute to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow Me."  But when he hard this, he became very sorrowful, for he was very rich.  And when Jesus saw that he become very sorrowful, He said, "How hard it is for those who have riches to enter the kingdom of God!  For it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God."  And those who heard it said, "Who then can be saved?"  But He said, "The things which are impossible with men are possible with God."  Then Peter said, "See, we have left all and followed You."  So He said to them, "Assuredly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or parents or brothers or wife or children, for the sake of the kingdom of God, who shall not receive many times more in this present time, and in the age to come eternal life."   

 Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken.   This is the third prediction Jesus has made to the disciples about His Passion, and all the rest of what is going to happen in Jerusalem, as they approach the city.  Let us notice how Jesus frames His warning:  that all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  That is, what He frames here for the disciples is going to happen in the context of the fulfillment of the Scriptures, what has been prophesied about the Messiah.  That is, not because of the prophesies, but rather in fulfillment of what has been foreseen through the Holy Spirit "who spoke through the prophets" (Nicene Creed; Hebrews 1:1).  My study bible comments that the saying was hidden to the disciples because they could not comprehend its meaning until after the events of the Passion had taken place.  

Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.  And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God.  The blind man greets Jesus with a Messianic title, Son of David.  Let us note his persistence, despite all of the attempts of the crowd  to tell him that he should be quiet.  This has the opposite effect on him, he simply cried out all the more.  If we think about our recent readings, this blind man is realistically adopting the position which Jesus taught the disciples about prayer, that it should be persistent.  In the words of the Gospel (in this reading and the teaching of Christ's parable about prayer), that men always ought to pray and not lose heart.  It seems this blind man knows something about the Son of David that the rest of the crowd going before him do not.  In an illustration of the truth of Jesus' parable in that reading from Friday we've just noted, Jesus hears him, stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  Let us note that Jesus tells him, "Your faith has made you well."  Our persistence in prayer, even in not following the crowds and what others would say, is clearly marked out by Jesus as a sign of faith.  My study bible says that although Jesus knows what we want before we ask, He calls us to ask freely in order to learn of His mercy.  There is also a traditional spiritual interpretation of this miracle; in it, the blind man symbolizes the future generations who will come to faith only by hearing, without having the benefit of seeing Christ in person (see John 20:29).  In each generation there will be persecutors and tyrants who try to silence the Church, and shut down the faith of believers.  But nevertheless, under persecution, we all the more confess Jesus Christ.  Let us note the blind man's correct response:  He followed Christ on His journey toward Jerusalem, glorifying God.  All the people note his thanksgiving, and gave praise to God in response.

It's interesting to see in the Gospels the fickleness of the crowds, and in this story in particular, that sends us a deep message.  We noted at first how it was the crowds who tried to silence the plea (or prayer) of the blind man.  It is because he does not follow what the crowds tell him that the man continues to plead for Christ's help, and shows persistence in his prayer and in his faith in appealing to Jesus.  In the end, it is the whole crowd, "all the people," the text tells us, who gave praise to God in response to the blind man's glorious healing by Christ.  If he had not been persistent, this man who refused to listen to all the voices in his hearing, would not have had his sight restored, nor would all the people be praising God.  It tells us something that the crowds in the Gospels are so often simply fickle at best, and at other times are downright wrong.  In the words of my study bible, "the crowds follow the crowds."  It is not to popular belief or superstition, or rumor, or gossip, or whatever other means by which we hear from all those voices in our ears, that we turn to find truth.  We turn to the Person who is the Truth (John 14:6).  We turn to the wisdom built up and understood through that Person who is Truth and those who serve that truth, and we turn to our faith.  We turn, as Christ has taught us, to persistence in our faith -- even when it looks like we are the fools in the eyes of the crowd.  But if there is anything we're taught in today's story, it is that the fool in the crowd by the side of the road is the only one who knows he's blind, and the only one who knows where to turn and how to turn to the One who can restore his sight.  And so, we have the perfect metaphor for what so many faithful feel in a world that thinks so often it is doing just fine without divine help.  If we understand that there are things we are blind to, that there are ways in which we need help and healing, that our lives need something therapeutic that might be missing from "worldly" life -- then we are the ones on our way to sight, even when we might look like we're fools to others.  The first step in any journey of healing is waking up to your own blindness, to the things that aren't perfect about which you might just be in denial, and realizing what it is you need help with.  Your symptoms might go unnoticed without a diagnosis, but who goes to the doctor when they think they are not sick?  Our attention to our prayer, our faith, and that Person who is Truth is the way we find what we need to change, the dangers we could be headed toward, the way forward that is the way of healing and wholeness.  And that is found in persistence in prayer, in worship, in the things we need that are the structures of our faith.  Jericho is often symbolic of sin in Scripture, in both Old and New Testaments.  It is, in that sense, symbolic of the world which may be permeated with dangers and evil even when all the crowd has no idea what this means, and may even confuse evil with good at times.  What we do is build our lives around the Savior and Deliverer, the Son of David, who will always tell us the truth, no matter what we might rather hear -- and it is that good news of His gospel that heals and saves.

And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road

 Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus aid to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road.

- Mark 10:46-52

Yesterday we read that they were on the road, going up to Jerusalem, and Jesus was going before them; and they were amazed.  And as they followed they were afraid.  Then He took the twelve aside again and began to tell them the things that would happen to Him:  "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be betrayed to the chief priests and to the scribes; and they will condemn Him to death and deliver Him to the Gentiles; and they will mock Him, and scourge Him, and spit on Him, and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to Him, saying, "Teacher, we want You to do for us whatever we ask."  And He said to them, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  They said to Him, "Grant that we may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on Your left, in your glory."  But Jesus said to them, "You do not know what you ask.  Are you able to drink the cup that I drink, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?"  They said to Him, "We are able."  So Jesus said to them, "You will indeed drink the cup that I drink, and with the baptism I am baptized with you will be baptized; but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it is prepared."  And when the ten heard it, they began to be greatly displeased with James and John.  But Jesus called them to Himself and said to them, "You know that those who are considered rulers over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them.  Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you shall be your servant.  And whoever of you desires to be first of all shall be slave of all.  For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many."

Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus aid to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road.  Let us first note that Jesus is on the road to Jerusalem, and Jericho is on this road.  Jericho was a low-lying city, which was associated with sin (Luke 10:30, 19:1).   Often blindness is symbolically associated with sin, and sin's detriment to ourselves as a sense in which there is something we lack or that we are missing, that keeps us from completeness, wholeness.  Moreover, the restoration of sight to the blind was a sign which was expected of the Messiah (Isaiah 29:18, 35:4-5), a power that was reserved by God for God  (compare John 9:32).  My study bible points out that Bartimaeus shows his faith that Jesus was the Christ, by calling Him Son of David, a title for the Messiah.  A traditional spiritual interpretation of this story is that Jericho, with its reputation for sin, is a symbol of fallen humanity.  Christ passing through  is an image of the Incarnation itself.  Christ's restoration of Bartimaeus' sight is a metaphor for His restoration of humanity to glory.  As human nature is made whole by Christ, it can now follow Christ on the road to the Kingdom, shown in Christ's subsequent Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem (11:1-11).

If we think of blindness as a metaphor, we think of a person who misses something because they can't see it.  It's as if you have a set of facts from which you must operate in life, like, for example, approaching a street one must cross, only one can't see the cars coming or the obstacles in the way.  Blindness becomes a metaphor, in that sense, for not knowing what we are doing, not truly understanding the whole picture of our reality.  (Of course this is not at all to throw disparagement on those who are physically blind!  This is meant to portray only a metaphor for a spiritual condition.)  Frequently, in an argument, one might reproach another for not understanding or accepting what one considers to be obvious, by telling one's opponent, "You are blind!"  Jesus also uses blindness as a metaphor for spiritual darkness by saying of the religious leaders, "They are blind leaders of the blind" (Matthew 15:14).  In this way He meant to convey that they were misguided by what they could not see or perceive, and their own leadership would lead to stumbling for all who followed them.  So, in this context, we might ask ourselves regarding this story of blind Bartimaeus, what it is that Jesus brings to the world, and to us as individuals, that we need in order to truly see.  That is, in spiritual terms, what does Jesus give us that illuminates our lives, our places in the world and the cosmos, that adds a dimension both necessary for our wholeness and which is missing from a sinful point of view.  If we think of sin not as something horribly evil on our part, but as something denoting ignorance (for which blindness is metaphor), then we come to a certain kind of perspective we might not usually have on the matter.  Christ offers us enlightenment, also a metaphor for a restoration of the ability to see.  He opens our eyes (another metaphor) to possibilities of the fullness of life that we can't encounter in a worldly perspective, because a worldly perspective misses the mystical reality that nurtures body, soul, and spirit in wholeness.  As Jesus is in today's reading passing through Jericho, let us consider another metaphor for ourselves at this time.  We pass through a kind of Jericho, an affliction that leaves us vulnerable, even crippled at the moment.  The entire world experiences together at this time a pandemic of the coronavirus.  Virtually the entire economy of the world is shut down -- as over 150 countries are afflicted -- in order to combat the spread of this virus for which we have no vaccine and no known cure.   There is an enormous amount of fear associated with this circumstance, and just as with the faith Christ asks of us, fear is the wrong direction for those of us who put our faith in Christ.  Our way is to continue to walk forward and place our trust in Him, looking for the illumination we need to go through, the bright spots of light we can follow, and the endurance which He teaches His disciples of all ages and through all time.  Christ asks us for courage, and that is a part of the light we need, as well.  Jericho is a "low-lying city" -- and so we might pass through what we could call a low point.  But "all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the called according to His purpose" (Romans 8:28).  As our timing coincides with Lent, we understand that as Christians, it is already a time for more focused prayer, inspirational literature, Scripture reading, and even if we do so virtually, corporate worship.  We also have open to us to pray at home the Prayers of the Hours, the various services the Church has used throughout the centuries in monasteries.  Praying through the Psalms is another good practice for Lent.  All of these Lenten practices help to build up our strength and fortitude.  They build our courage.  They give us a sense that what we need is not panic and fear, nor anxiety, but the bedrock of our faith that has always fully accepted that life will have difficulties, and never have we been blind to the understanding of the nature of our world, and even the evil that is within it, including affliction and illness.  As Christians, and with the One whom we call our Leader, we follow Him through danger and difficulty, and not with blindness to any of the reality of our world.  Jesus, in today's reading, is on His way to Jerusalem, on His way to Palm Sunday, which is right around the corner (this Sunday, or next week for the Eastern Orthodox).  So we find ourselves together with Him.  He is the cure for our blindness, for our fear and anxiety, for the courage He offers and the faith He strengthens, for His love which always teaches and leads in the light.  Let us step up to this moment and really fulfill our mission as His disciples, and be the fullness of what we can be in His healing and wholeness for humanity.  He teaches us endurance and calm in the storm (see this reading, and this one).    Let us look to His light, and not be one of the blind led by the spiritually blind.  At this time, with all things, it is our faith that will make us well, helping to cling to the positive, using all things for good purpose, and setting ourselves on a steady course through our difficulties, keeping our eyes open for the best way forward.  Moreover, we use our God-given gift of intelligence to do our best and prudently approach our efforts at mitigation, acting responsibly on behalf of all, and following the best advice of experts.  Let us remember that Bartimaeus' prayer is the basis of the prayer of the Church through the ages, the best short prayer we can utter, even doing so perpetually as a good practice, "Jesus, Son of God, have mercy on me!"  Let us also follow Jesus on the road.

What do you want Me to do for you?

 Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road.

- Mark 10:46-52

Yesterday we read that the disciples were going on the road, going up to Jerusalem, and Jesus was going before them; and they were amazed.  And as they followed they were afraid.  Then He took the twelve aside again and began to tell them the things that would happen to Him:  "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be betrayed to the chief priests and to the scribes; and they will condemn Him to death and deliver Him to the Gentiles; and they will mock Him, and scourge Him, and spit on Him, and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to Him, saying, "Teacher, we want You to do for us whatever we ask."  And He said to them, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  They said to Him, "Grant us that we may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on Your left, in Your glory."  But Jesus said to them, "You do not know what you ask.  Are you able to drink the cup that I drink, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?"  They said to Him, "We are able."  So Jesus sad to them, "You will indeed drink the cup that I drink, and with the baptism I am baptized with you will be baptized; but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it is prepared."  And when the ten heard it, they began to be greatly displeased with James and John.  But Jesus called them to Himself and said to them, "You know that those who are considered rulers over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them.  Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you shall be your servant.  And whoever of you desires to be first shall be slave of all.  For even the Son of man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many."

Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight and followed Jesus on the road.  Jesus is on His way to Jerusalem, coming from east of the Jordan.  Jericho was considered a place associated with sin (it's where the story of the Good Samaritan takes place, see Luke 10:30).  Tradition gives us a spiritual understanding of this story; in this context Jericho symbolizes a fallen humanity.  Christ passing through gives us an image of the Incarnation.   Bartimaeus is thereby humanity restored to glory.  Having been made whole, human nature can now follow Christ on the road to the Kingdom -- just as Jesus is on the road to His entrance into Jerusalem.

One thing we notice about this story -- Jesus asks Bartimaeus the same question He's just asked John and James Zebedee:  What do you want Me to do for you?  The two disciples wanted to be the greatest in His kingdom, to sit at His right and left hand.  Those things He could not do for His disciples, nor did they understand what it would mean to be great in this Kingdom.  Their request then became an opportunity for teaching.  That was what they needed.  Here, Bartimaeus request is met with the answer, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  In a certain sense, they're both the same answer.  That is, faith is the real answer in both cases.  John and James Zebedee will fill their own "gloried" shoes with martyrdom and persecution.  They will come to drink the cup and be baptized with the baptism that Christ is.  Here, Bartimaeus has the faith that has restored him, and he follows Christ on the road to Jerusalem.  Each one has their own way in which they must follow Christ, and this is something we also come to understand from the stories of the Gospels.  In the end, it's a matter of faith.  Although we may walk the same road, and we all follow Christ, for each of us that road may be quite different.  For each one Christ prepares the way, through faith.  Blind Bartimaeus called Jesus by the title, "Son of David."  This is a Messianic title, and it tells us he understands who Christ is.  The cry, "Have mercy on me!" is one of complete abandonment to Christ.  It lets us know his understanding of his dependency, he's ready to surrender all claim to greatness in the face of the Messiah.  It gives us a contrast with the request of John and James for the two places of greatness on either side of Christ.  Blindness is often a metaphor for spiritual blindness, for sin.  To be "illuminated" is to truly see -- and we see Bartimaeus' choice to follow Christ on the road to Jerusalem after he receives his sight.  There is still further to go -- the restoration of his sight isn't the end, it's a new beginning for him.  As we review these choices and these requests, we might ask where we are today.  Are we Bartimaeus on that road crying out "have mercy on me"?  Or are we John and James, who need their own enlightenment on what greatness will mean for them?  Either way, faith leads us down the road we need.  When Jesus asks, "What do you want Me to do for you?" we must be ready to accept the true answer to our request.

Receive your sight; your faith has made you well

 Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken.

Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.  And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God."

- Luke 18:31-43

Yesterday we read that people also brought infants to Jesus that He might touch them; but when the disciples saw it, they rebuked them.  But Jesus called them to Him and said, "Let the little children come to Me, and do not forbid them; for of such is the kingdom of God.  Assuredly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God as a little child will by no means enter it."  Now a certain ruler asked Him, saying, "Good Teacher, what shall I do to inherit eternal life?"  So Jesus said to him, "Why do you call Me good?  No one is good but One, that is, God.  You know the commandments:  'Do not commit adultery,' 'Do not murder,' 'Do not steal,' 'Do not bear false witness,' 'Honor your father and your mother.'"  And he said, "All these things I have kept from my youth."  So when Jesus heard these things, He said to him, "You still lack one thing.  Sell all that you have and distribute to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow Me."  But when he heard this, he became very sorrowful, for he was very rich.  And when Jesus saw that he became very sorrowful, He said, "How hard it is for those who have riches to enter the kingdom of God!  For it is easier for a came to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the kingdom of God."  And those who heard it said, "Who then can be saved?"  But He said, "The things which are impossible with men are possible with God."  Then Peter said, "See, we have left all and followed You."  So he said to them, "Assuredly, I say to you, there is no one who has left house or parents or brothers or wife or children, for the sake of the kingdom of God, who shall not receive many times more in this present time, and in the age to come eternal life."

Then He took the twelve aside and said to them, "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and all things that are written by the prophets concerning the Son of Man will be accomplished.  For He will be delivered to the Gentiles and will be mocked and insulted and spit upon.  They will scourge Him and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  But they understood none of these things; this saying was hidden from them, and they did not know the things which were spoken.  Jesus is deeply and clearly explicit with the disciples; He's telling them everything that is going to happen, the thing which they are going toward in Jerusalem.  My study bible says that the saying was hidden from them not by God, but because they could not understand its meaning until the events of the Passion had taken place. 

Then it happened, as He was coming near Jericho, that a certain blind man sat by the road begging.  And hearing a multitude passing by, he asked what it meant.  So they told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.  And he cried out, saying, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then those who went before warned him that he should be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be brought to Him.  And when he had come near, He asked him, saying, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  He said, "Lord, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Receive your sight; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he received his sight, and followed Him, glorifying God.  And all the people, when they saw it, gave praise to God."  There is a spiritual interpretation given to this story by tradition:  the blind man represents those of future generations who will only know Christ through hearing about Him, and not seeing Him.  (See John 20:29.)  All those who warn the man to be quiet are those tyrants and persecutors -- who will come in various forms -- who seek to silence faith.  But under persecution, the more the Church confesses Christ.  My study bible says that the story also tells us that Christ knows whatever it is that we need before we ask.  But He calls us to ask freely so that we might learn of His mercy.  We note that the blind man clearly realizes Jesus is Messiah, addressing Him as son of David.  As He goes toward Jerusalem, Jesus' enlightenment is for all of the people who await in expectation of the Messiah.

What is the sight that Jesus is bringing people?  Certainly there are many expectations placed on the Messiah.  Among other things, perhaps we might consider expectations of a political Messiah, one who would be a  conquering king like David.  This would be a person who would dispel the enemies of Israel, her colonizers like the Romans, and other warring states vying for power in the region.  Like the kings and rulers who brought goods to their country, such a king could also bring plenitude to Israel's fortunes, and glorify the country through prosperity.  Peace would come perhaps through power and conquering.  But Jesus is Messiah with a completely different mission.  His enlightenment will be for the world once He is rejected by the leadership.  It won't be a kind of kingdom He is bringing here like that of a material state.  It will not be a kind of conquering by force but by a different sort of power that is operating within people.  What is the kingdom of God?  Where is it?  Jesus has already answered that question, when He was asked by the Pharisees when the kingdom of God would come, "The kingdom of God does not come with observation; nor will they say, 'See here!' or 'See there!'  For indeed, the kingdom of God is within you."  (See the reading from Thursday.)  This is a kind of voluntary kingdom that depends on faith.  It depends upon the love of God.  And it is open not only to Jews but to all those who would come to it through faith, a voluntary acceptance, a relationship of love.  As Jesus travels on His way to Jerusalem, His encounters tell us a story of what is coming, what kind of Messiah this is.  His healings come not as an expression of power, but a sign of the presence of the Kingdom, and most particularly in response to faith.  this is corroborated by His words to the blind man, "Your faith has made you well."  It is faith that shores up citizenship in this Kingdom, the basis of relationship and steadfast love that makes its covenant between its people. 

Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!

 Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he receive his sight and followed Jesus on the road.

- Mark 10:46-52

Yesterday, we read that Jesus and the disciples were on the road, going up to Jerusalem, and Jesus was going before them; and they were amazed.  And as they followed they were afraid.  Then He took the twelve aside again and began to tell them the things that would happen to Him:  "Behold, we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be betrayed to the chief priests and to the scribes; and they will condemn Him to death and deliver Him to the Gentiles; and they will mock Him, and scourge Him, and spit on Him, and kill Him.  And the third day He will rise again."  Then James and John, the sons of Zebedee, came to Him, saying, "Teacher, we want You to do for us whatever we ask."  And He said to them, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  They said to Him, "Grant us that we may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on Your left, in Your glory."  But Jesus said to them, "You do not know what you ask.  Are you able to drink the cup that I drink, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?"  They said to Him, "We are able."  So Jesus said to them, "You will indeed drink the cup that I drink, and with the baptism I am baptized with you will be baptized, but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it is prepared."  And when the ten heard it, they began to be greatly displeased with James and John.  But Jesus called them to Himself and said to them, "You know that those who are considered rulers over the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them.  Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you shall be your servant.  And whoever of you desires to be first shall be slave of all.  For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many."

 Now they came to Jericho.  As He went out of Jericho with His disciples and a great multitude, blind Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, sat by the road begging.  And when he heard that it was Jesus of Nazareth, he began to cry out and say, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  Then many warned him to be quiet; but he cried out all the more, "Son of David, have mercy on me!"  So Jesus stood still and commanded him to be called.  Then they called the blind man, saying to him, "Be of good cheer.  Rise, He is calling you."  And throwing aside his garment, he rose and came to Jesus.  So Jesus answered and said to him, "What do you want me to do for you?"  The blind man said to Him, "Rabboni, that I may receive my sight."  Then Jesus said to him, "Go your way; your faith has made you well."  And immediately he receive his sight and followed Jesus on the road.  Jesus is passing through Jericho, a town notoriously known in Christ's time as a place of great sin.  The names given here are interesting.   A word pronounced like the name "Timaeus" in the Greek means "honorable."  But in Hebrew, Timaeus could stem from a word that can mean to be or become "unclean."   Bar- is a kind of Aramaic addition to a word to make it diminutive, that is, smaller -- or more commonly used to mean "son of."  Bartimaeus is the son of Timaeus.  But "bar" in Hebrew can also be a verb that means "to clean."    So we get a mix of meanings here that illuminate an ancient interpretation of this story:  Bartimaeus is a stand-in for a struggling humanity, beset by evil in the form of blindness.  Jericho is the fallen world, our environment of fallenness:   His father "unclean" but Bartimaeus by virtue of his faith in Christ is given sight, his eyes given "light" -- a humanity restored to its glory.  Christ moving through Jericho in this interpretation is an image of the Incarnation itself.  We can see Bartimaeus' faith in the title by which He calls Jesus, "Son of David," meaning the Messiah.  My study bible says, "Having been made whole by Christ, human nature can now follow Christ on the road to the Kingdom, symbolized by our Lord's subsequent entrance into Jerusalem."   The restoration of sight to the blind was a sign expected of the Messiah (Isaiah 29:18), considered a power reserved for God such as in the case of a man born blind (John 9:32).

What are we to make of blind Bartimaeus, a man stuck begging by the side of the road, in Jericho, a place known for sin?  He's a kind of obvious picture of fallenness, that which seems to have no real glory, someone rather doomed by his circumstances not to get much farther than that in life.  Where are his chances to do more, to be more than this?  His environment is a kind of metaphor for spiritual blindness:  a notorious environment of sin and limitation, a father with a name that means in the native language "unclean" but in the Greek of the New Testament, having value.  All of these are hints about the state of our world, what it is that the Incarnation makes possible for each of us.  But it's Bartimaeus' faith that unlocks everything for him, and he becomes a follower of Christ -- on the way to the Holy City, to the Kingdom -- to somewhere better, to the promised land.  With his voice and his shout, Bartimaeus is able to call up to the Lord, to be heard.  Christ asks him directly, "What do you want Me to do for you?"  We note that as Bartimaeus runs to Christ, he casts aside his garment -- no "hiding" here behind anything -- any image or stance, we go to Christ as we truly are and in all honesty.  His deepest desire of the Teacher ("Rabboni" - Great Teacher, Master) is to receive his sight.  It's Christ who both cleans and who renders great value, realizing the honor of human beings made in the image of God.  All the meanings here, in this sense, are important.  Sight is of course a metaphor for knowledge and understanding, as in seeing the true light and receiving wisdom, being illumined.  Bartimaeus healed through faith is the image of humanity restored to its true glory in the light of Christ.  Maybe most importantly, we all have the plea of Bartimaeus, "Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!"  This plea forms the basis for the most important prayer for many in the Church:  "Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy on me," the root of an ancient prayer practice.  In the original Greek of the Gospel, Bartimaeus' words contain the root of the phrase Kyrie eleison, "Lord have mercy," which punctuates universal Church worship and prayer.  Just as Jesus said to the woman with the blood flow, He tells Bartimaeus, "Your faith has made you well."   This plea of Bartimaeus forms the root of a prayer practice called the Jesus Prayer, or Prayer of the Heart:   it consists of a repetition of any variation on this prayer, "Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, have mercy."  Practiced for periods of time, it becomes a deeply effective prayer, a way to "pray without ceasing," rooting itself within our hearts and minds.  If there is one lesson we take with us, we learn from Bartimaeus that prayer is powerful.  It's a key to our faith which unlocks God's illumination in our lives, and changes our lives, turning our lives over from any circumstances in which we find ourselves, whatever the environment we may struggle with, or whatever we are "born into."  His prayer is a key to something, and it may be a key to something in your life that helps you with anything.  Try it!