Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!

 

 Now a great many of the Jews knew that He was there; and they came, not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might also see Lazarus, whom He had raised from the dead.  But the chief priests plotted to put Lazarus to death also, because on account of him many of the Jews went away and believed in Jesus.

The next day a great multitude that had come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, took branches of palm trees and went out to meet Him, and cried out:

"Hosanna!

'Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!'

 The King of Israel!"

Then Jesus, when He had found a young donkey, sat on it; as it is written:

"Fear not, daughter of Zion;

Behold, your King is coming,

Sitting on a donkey's colt."

His disciples did not understand these things at first; but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written about Him and that they had done these things to Him.  Therefore the people, who were with Him when He called Lazarus out of his tomb and raised him from the dead, bore witness.  For this reason the people also met Him, because they heard that He had done this sign.  The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, "You see that you are accomplishing nothing.  Look, the world has gone after Him!"

 

- John 12:9-19 

 

 On Saturday, we completed the story of the raising of Lazarus, the seventh sign of seven in John's Gospel.  After Jesus had spoken with Martha, she went her way and secretly called Mary her sister, saying, "The Teacher has come and is calling for you."  As soon as she heard that, she arose quickly and came to Him. Now Jesus had not yet come into the town, but was in the place where Martha met Him.  Then the Jews who were with her in the house, and comforting her, when they saw that Mary rose up quickly and went out, followed her, saying, "She is going to the tomb to weep there."  Then, when Mary came where Jesus was, and saw Him, she fell down at His feet, saying to Him, "Lord, if You had been here, my brother would not have died."  Therefore, when Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who came with her weeping, He groaned in the spirit and was troubled.  And He said, "Where have you laid him?"  They said to Him, "Lord, come and see."  Jesus wept. Then the Jews said, "See how He loved him!"  And some of them said, "Could not this Man, who opened the eyes of the blind, also have kept this man from dying?"  Then Jesus, again groaning in Himself, came to the tomb.  It was a cave, and a stone lay against it.  Jesus said, "Take away the stone."  Martha, the sister of him who was dead, said to Him, "Lord, by this time there is a stench, for he has been dead four days."  Jesus said to her, "Did I not say to you that if you would believe you would see the glory of God?"  Then they took away the stone from the place where the dead man was lying.  And Jesus lifted up His eyes and said, "Father, I thank You that You have heard Me.  And I know that You always hear Me, but because of the people who are standing by I said this, that they may believe that You sent Me."  Now when He had said these things, He cried with a loud voice, "Lazarus, come forth!"  And he who had died came out bound hand and foot with graveclothes, and his face was wrapped with a cloth.  Jesus said to them, "Loose him, and let him go."

 

  Now a great many of the Jews knew that He was there; and they came, not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might also see Lazarus, whom He had raised from the dead.  But the chief priests plotted to put Lazarus to death also, because on account of him many of the Jews went away and believed in Jesus.  Today the lectionary moves forward from yesterday's reading, skipping John 11:45-12:1-8.  Here the time is the beginning of what we know as Holy Week, and the Passover festival is about to begin.  These verses explain the setting.  "The Jews" we recall is used as a type of political term, to designate the religious rulers.  Many had come from among this class of people in Jerusalem to mourn with Mary and Martha, and had witnessed the raising of Lazarus.  Therefore, among the leadership of Israel many knew not only that Jesus was there, but they also want to see Lazarus.  Such is the effect, that those who plot to put Jesus to death also have plotted to put Lazarus to death also, because even among the ruling classes, many "went away and believed in Jesus."

The next day a great multitude that had come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, took branches of palm trees and went out to meet Him, and cried out:  "Hoseanna!  'Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!' The King of Israel!"  This is what is called Christ's Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem.  It is celebrated in the Church on the day known as Palm Sunday, due to the branches of palm trees described in the text.  The people's cry is from Psalm 118:25-26, which was associated with messianic expectation.  It was recited daily for six days during the Feast of Tabernacles (also known as the Feast of the Coming Kingdom), and seven times on the seventh day as branches were waved.  Hosanna means, "Save, we pray!" and is said therefore to a Deliverer or Savior.  My study Bible explains that by this time, Jewish nationalism had led to the expectation of a political Messiah to deliver them from Roman control, and to reestablish the kingdom of David.  

 

Then Jesus, when He had found a young donkey, sat on it; as it is written:  "Fear not, daughter of Zion; Behold, your King is coming, sitting on a donkey's colt."  In humility, my study Bible explains, Jesus shows that He has not come to establish an earthly kingdom.  He does not ride on a horse nor in a chariot, as a contemporary king or conqueror would do, but on a young donkey -- a sign of humility and peace.  This is reflected in the people's cry, from Zechariah 9:9.  My study Bible comments that this entrance into the Holy City declares the establishment of the Kingdom of God.  It notes also that it is a promise of Christ's final entrance into the heavenly Jerusalem, with all believers and of His accepting the New Jerusalem as His pure Bride (Revelation 21:2).  

His disciples did not understand these things at first; but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written about Him and that they had done these things to Him.  Therefore the people, who were with Him when He called Lazarus out of his tomb and raised him from the dead, bore witness.  For this reason the people also met Him, because they heard that He had done this sign.  The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, "You see that you are accomplishing nothing.  Look, the world has gone after Him!"  Note how the understanding of the disciples became enlightened after Jesus was glorified; for then they remembered that these things were written about Him and that they had done these things to Him.  The people bore witness in their acclamation from Scripture, that prophecy is fulfilled in Christ -- as they were with Him when He called Lazarus out of his tomb and raised him from the dead.  And others have also meet Christ with this proclamation, because they heard from those others from Jerusalem that He had done this sign.  As so many among their own in Jerusalem now go after Jesus due to the seventh sign of raising Lazarus (see Saturday's reading, above), the Pharisees conclude in exasperation that whatever they have done so far is accomplishing nothing, as their own world has gone after Him.

 

 Today begins Holy Week for most of the Churches in the West (also for the Armenian Apostolic Church).  Next week will begin Holy Week for most of the Orthodox.  So for my readers, from whichever denomination you are, Palm Sunday was either yesterday or is this coming Sunday.  Our reading for today gives us John's version of the events of that day, when Jesus was hailed as a king coming into Jerusalem.  Let us not forget the tone of John's Gospel, which is so important.  People -- including many from among the class of the leadership -- witnessed the seventh and final sign given in John's Gospel, the raising of Lazarus from the dead.  (See the readings from Friday and Saturday.)  Therefore the expectations in Jerusalem run high that the Messiah has, indeed, come among them.  This is true even among the classes of the rulers in the temple (and therefore of the Jewish people).  But Jesus will defy the expectations of an all-conquering king, someone who will rival Caesar as an earthly ruler, and make Israel's fortunes grow great in a similar manner.  This is because Jesus is a different kind of a King, a different kind of Deliverer or Savior.  Jesus issues in a Kingdom, but it is a different kind of kingdom, one in which spirit and truth will play a role, in which the spirit of the law must be upheld by the letter, and not the other way around.  There will be no "special charges" that God must deliver us in order to outmaneuver political opponents and rivals for power in this Kingdom.  There is only Christ and those whom the Father will give Him to remain with Him for an eternal kingdom, for a life in which abundance does not come through manipulation but through faith and trust and the power of the Holy Spirit to bless the meek and the poor in spirit.  So Jesus rides into Jerusalem on a young donkey, and all of this will be brought later to the remembrance of the disciples, and in the understanding of the fulfillment of the Scriptures in the proclamations of the people.  Of course, the people have no idea that they are truly proclaiming the fulfillment of prophecy -- but in a particular sense they would not have understood.  It is not the first time that prophecy is unwittingly proclaimed in John's Gospel (see also John 11:16; 11:49-50).  As we go through the readings of Holy Week in the churches, we will see the tide turn, and the effective manipulative power of those in high positions.  We can see false witnesses produced who contradict one another, who twist Christ's words, and who are brought only for the purpose of finding ways to get rid of Him.  The readings in John's Gospel that the lectionary gives us before moving on to Luke's Gospel will give us Jesus' perspective, His farewell words to His disciples, and His prayer to the Father.  Let us consider the realities we are given, for they are timeless and remain with us.  If we are true to Him and to the lessons of the Gospels, we remember that truth and righteous judgment always remain our duties -- and that we also will be witnesses to such events.  Let us remember the One who goes before us, and all that He asks of us also.

 

 

 

 

 

Fear not, daughter of Zion; Behold, your King is coming, sitting on a donkey's colt

 Now a great many of the Jews knew that He was there; and they came, not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might also see Lazarus, whom He had raised from the dead.  But the chief priests plotted to put Lazarus to death also, because on account of him many of the Jews went away and believed in Jesus.

The next day a great multitude that had come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, took branches of palm trees and went out to meet Him, and cried out:

"Hosanna!
'Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!'
The King of Israel!"

Then Jesus, when He had found a young donkey, sat on it, as it is written:

"Fear not, daughter of Zion;
Behold, your King is coming,
Sitting on a donkey's colt."

His disciples did not understand these things at first; but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written about Him and that they had done these things to Him.

Therefore the people, who were with Him when He called Lazarus out of his tomb and raised him from the dead, bore witness.  For this reason the people also met Him, because they heard that He had done this sign.  The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, "You see that you are accomplishing nothing.  Look, the world has gone after Him!" 

- John 12:9-19

On Saturday, we read the conclusion of the raising of Lazarus (see the first part here).  Martha went her way and secretly called Mary her sister, saying, "The Teacher has come and is calling for you."  As soon as she heard that, she arose quickly and came to Him.  Now Jesus had not yet come into the town, but was in the place where Martha met Him.   Then the Jews who were with her in the house, and comforting her, when they saw that Mary rose up quickly and went out, followed her, saying, "She is going to the tomb to weep there."  Then, when Mary came where Jesus was, and saw Him, she fell down at His feet, saying to Him, "Lord, if You had been here, my brother would not have died."  Therefore, when Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who came with her weeping, He groaned in the spirit and was troubled.  And He said, "Where have you laid him?"  They said to Him, "Lord, come and see."  Jesus wept.  Then the Jews said, "See how He loved him!"  And some of them said, "Could not this Man, who opened the eyes of the blind, also have kept this man from dying?"  Then Jesus, again groaning in Himself, came to the tomb.  It was a cave, and a stone lay against it.  Jesus said, "Take away the stone."  Martha, the sister of him who was dead, said to Him, "Lord, by this time there is a stench, for he has been dead four days."  Jesus said to her, "Did I not say to you that if you would believe you would see the glory of God?"  Then they took away the stone from the place where the dead man was lying.  And Jesus lifted up His eyes and said, "Father, I thank You that You have heard Me.  And I know that You always hear Me, but because of the people who are standing by I said this, that they may believe that You sent Me."  Now when He had said these things, He cried with a loud voice, "Lazarus, come forth!"  And he who had died came out bound hand and foot with graveclothes, and his face wrapped with a cloth.  Jesus said to them, "Loose him, and let him go."

Now a great many of the Jews knew that He was there; and they came, not for Jesus' sake only, but that they might also see Lazarus, whom He had raised from the dead.  But the chief priests plotted to put Lazarus to death also, because on account of him many of the Jews went away and believed in Jesus.  We should understand that the lectionary has skipped over some passages (see 11:45-56), in which we are told that after the raising of Lazarus, many from Jerusalem went to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus did.  Then the chief priests and Pharisees met in a Council, and decided that Jesus should die.  Jesus was aware of their plotting and stayed away from Judea until the time of the Passover.  He then again visited Bethany, at which time many came to see Him because of the raising of Lazarus, and Mary anointed Him with oil (John 12:1-9).  At this time there are open orders from the Pharisees and chief priests that if anyone knew where Jesus was, it should be reported so that they could seize Him.  Here the text tells us about the effectiveness of this final sign in John's Gospel of the raising of Lazarus.  Many from Judea believe in Jesus as a result, including those from the ruling classes and parties of the Council.  Lazarus therefore is also targeted for death.  It is now just a few days before Passover, and the beginning of what we know as Holy Week.

The next day a great multitude that had come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, took branches of palm trees and went out to meet Him, and cried out:  "Hosanna!  'Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!'  The King of Israel!"  Then Jesus, when He had found a young donkey, sat on it, as it is written:  "Fear not, daughter of Zion; Behold, your King is coming, sitting on a donkey's colt."  His disciples did not understand these things at first; but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written about Him and that they had done these things to Him.  This is Jesus' Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem, the day that we celebrate as Palm Sunday.  The people hail Him as a king and Messiah.  At that time in Israel's history, Jewish nationalism had led to the expectation of a political Messiah to deliver them from Roman control and reestablish the kingdom of David.  In humility, Christ shows His mission is not for an earthly kingdom.  He doesn't have military power accompanying Him like chariots and horses and weapons, but rides on a young donkey.  This is a sign, says my study bible, of humility and peace (see Zechariah 9:9).  Rather than a worldly kind of kingdom, the entrance into the Holy City declares the establishment of the Kingdom of God.  It's also a promise of Christ's final entrance, says my study bible, into the heavenly Jerusalem with all believers and of His accepting the New Jerusalem as His pure Bride (Revelation 21:2).  The people meet Him with words from Psalm 118:25-26, associated with Messianic expectation.  It was recited daily for six days during the Feast of Tabernacles, and seven times on the seventh day as branches were waived.  It's a cry to a deliverer:  Hosanna means "Save, we pray!"

Therefore the people, who were with Him when He called Lazarus out of his tomb and raised him from the dead, bore witness.  For this reason the people also met Him, because they heard that He had done this sign.  The Pharisees therefore said among themselves, "You see that you are accomplishing nothing.  Look, the world has gone after Him!"  John's Gospel gives us more affirmation of the envy of the leadership, who now actively plot to put Jesus to death.  The people go out to greet Christ as if to greet the hope of a Deliverer, a king, a Messiah.  Many were witnesses to the raising of Lazarus and had been with Martha and Mary to mourn their brother.  Still others come because they have heard about this sign from the witnesses.  This is all in Judea, home territory to those who control the affairs of the Temple.  The Pharisees show their exasperation with the following Christ now has, and His popularity with the people.

As the events of Holy Week begin to unfold, we see the seeming contradiction in the swirl of all the forces moving around Christ.  The people come to see Him, and they greet Him as Messiah and king.  But the leadership have only cemented and hardened their resolve to do away with Him.  Not only do they plot to put Jesus to death, but also Lazarus as well.  The many witnesses from Jerusalem at the raising of Lazarus have spread the word, and the very home base of the authority of these religious leaders has now seemingly gone after Him, in the words of the Pharisees to one another.  So many forces have been unleashed, and everything will happen in just a few days.  This is the time of Jesus' glorification, but it will be a holy act with a holy power that those who believe will come to know and understand -- but a stumbling block to those who do not.  There are so many conflicts and contradictions.  Jesus will be put to death, and the plot of the Pharisees and chief priests seemingly therefore "successful."  And yet, of course, it's not successful at all in terms of stopping the movement of the followers and believers in Jesus.  It isn't successful at all in terms of the holy power of God at work both in the victory of the Cross and the Resurrection to come.  His followers will be scattered, martyred, and in exile.  They will go on to vicious persecution by both religious and state authorities.  And yet, they will spread this faith through the known world in a relatively short period of time.  Where is victory, and where is defeat?  Perhaps most importantly, as we contemplate this beginning of Holy Week, we should just consider that amidst these most extraordinarily contradictory understandings of the story of Jesus Christ, these great tensions and conflicts and opposing ideas, it is God's power that is at work.  When we are fooled or betrayed, when secret plots seem to win out over truth and justice, we should just take note that God's work happens through all things.  There is nothing that stops the reality of this Kingdom.  Indeed, everything is used in order to fulfill what is promised, to bring us Resurrection in the midst of sorrow.  The victory of the Cross is the victory of faith, the overcoming of the world.  Let us understand and see how Christ Himself works through all things, embraces the reality of His mission and God's work in the world, and invite this perspective into our own lives.  He told Peter, after Peter's confession of faith, "on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it" (Matthew 16:18).  The rock Jesus speaks about isn't just Peter. It is the confession, and not only Peter's confession, but one made on behalf of all the apostles and all of us who follow. It is our bond of faith with Christ.  It is this bond against which the gates of Hades shall not prevail.   Our story teaches us that Hades did not prevail and does not prevail.  It is our faith we cling to, and that is the victory of the Cross.